nutrient deficiences on fescue essays

nutrient deficiences on fescue essays In our experiment, different combinations and rates of Nitrogen, Potassium, and Phosphorus were applied to Festuca arundinaceae, or tall fescue. The goal was to determine which rate and combination would result in the highest rate of shoot growth. Tall fescue is a cool season perennial. It is used in areas with cold winters and mild to hot summers. General uses of tall fescue include as pastureland in some of the southern states and also as lawns, athletic fields and roadsides in certain areas. It is a coarse bunch-type grass that can have rhizomes that spread slowly. Tall fescue can handle soils that are wet, but also has good drought tolerance. Some of this drought tolerance can be attributed to the relatively deep root system it has. Besides drought tolerance, tall fescue tends to have a relatively good tolerance for heat and medium cold tolerance. Shade is tolerated by tall fescue as well. The ideal pH for tall fescue is from 5.5 to 6.5, but will survive under pHs that range from 4.7-8.5 (Beard, 1982-p594). Tall fescue has a medium cultural intensity. Mowing height of two to three inches is relatively high compared to most turf grasses (Collins, 1999-p 76). The high mowing height allows for more photosynthetic area than other commonly used turf-grasses. Nitrogen is a mobile macronutrient that is mostly available in pHs of 6 to 8 (Dole, 1999-p 68). Beyond the given range, it can be difficult or impossible for the plant to receive and utilize the nitrogen. Water is also necessary in order for nitrogen to be used by the plant. Nitrogen functions in leaf greenness, ability of the plant to recover from stress, quantity of grass clippings, root and shoot growth, resistance to disease, and cold, heat, and drought tolerance. The result of a nitrogen application is a sudden spurt of growth that depletes available nitrogen in two to six weeks. To keep growth at a steady rate, light and frequent fertilizer applications s...

Social Conditions essays

Social Conditions essays Many women in England were seeing the right to vote in 1908. The vote is important because it is a symbol, a safeguard, and an instrument. The three social conditions that led women in England to see the right to vote were marriage, education, and career. Marriage is the first social condition that led women in England to see the right to vote. When a woman is married, she has to give up her economic independence. Emmeline Panhurst suggests that, due to the marriage laws, married women lacked financial security. No married woman exists as the mother of the child she brings into the world. In the eyes of the law, she is not the parent of her child. The child has only one parent and that is the father. He decides everything that goes on. At the same time by law, a married man has to provide his wife and children with food, shelter, and clothing. The man decides what money should be spent on and how it should be spent. The wife cant decide on any of these things. Education is the second social condition that led women in England to seek the right to vote. Most of the time education is given only to men. The colleges and Universities are given to men as well. The last social condition that led women in England to seek the right to vote is career. A woman who has been earning good income is told to give up her employment when she becomes a wife and a mother. Well-paid jobs are given to men. If the woman has a better job than her husband, she still has to give up her job. Young girls who are being trained in something except that there will be something for them to do, but there wont. In conclusion, the speech that Emmeline Pankhurst made in 1908 about their social conditions influenced women in England. It was important for women to seek the right to vote because they should have the same rights as men. If women hadnt sought t...

Knowledge Encyclopedia - DK and Smithsonian Institution

Knowledge Encyclopedia - DK and Smithsonian Institution Summary Knowledge Encyclopedia is a large (10† X 12† and 360 pages) book from DK Publishing that benefits from big, colorful computer generated images, including 3D images. The book, developed with the Smithsonian Institution, provides detailed information for each of its many illustrations.   While the publisher recommends the book for ages 8 to 15, I think younger children and adults will also find the book full of fascinating illustrations and facts and I recommend it for age 6 to adults. The Illustrations The emphasis throughout Knowledge Encyclopedia is on visual learning.   Beautifully constructed and detailed illustrations are used to present information and the text is used to fully explain the visual images. The illustrations include photographs, maps, tables and charts, but it is the computer generated images of animals, the human body, planets, habitats and much more that make this book spectacular.   The illustrations are fascinating, making the reader anxious to read all the text in order to learn more. The Organization of the Book Knowledge Encyclopedia is divided into six major categories: Space, Earth, Nature, Human Body, Science and History. Each of these categories has a number of sections: Space The 27-page long Space category has two sections: The Universe and Space Exploration. Some of the topics covered include: The Big Bang, galaxies, the sun, solar system, astronomy, space mission to the moon and exploring the planets. Earth The Earth category has six sections: Planet Earth, Tectonic Earth, Earth’s Resources, Weather, Shaping the Land and Earth’s Oceans.   Some of the topics covered in the 33-page section include: the Earth’s climate, volcanoes and earthquakes, rocks and minerals, hurricanes, the water cycle, caves, glaciers and the ocean floor. Nature The Nature category has five sections: How Life Began, The Living World, Invertebrates, Vertebrates and Survival Secrets.   Among the topics covered in the 59 pages are dinosaurs, how fossils form, plant life, green energy, insects, the life cycle of the butterfly. fish, amphibians, Frog life cycle, reptiles, the crocodile, how birds fly, mammals and the African elephant.   Ã‚   Human Body The 49-page Human Body category includes four sections: Body Basics, Fueling the Body, In Control and Life Cycle. Some of the topics covered include: the skeleton, how food moves from the mouth to the stomach, blood, air supply, the nervous system, brainpower, the sense, life in the womb, genes and DNA. Science There are four sections in the Science category, which is 55 pages long. Matter, Forces, Energy and Electronics include 24 different topics. Among them are atoms and molecules, the elements, laws of motion, gravity, flight, light, sound, electricity, the digital world and robotics. History The four sections of the History category are The Ancient World, The Medieval World, The Age of Discovery, and The Modern World. The 36 topics covered in the History categorys 79 pages include: the first humans, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, The Roman Empire, Viking raiders, religious wars and faiths, the Ottoman Empire, The Silk Road, voyage to the Americas, the Renaissance, Imperial China, the slave trade, The Enlightenment, wars of the 18th-21st Century, The Cold War and the 1960s.   Ã‚   Additional Resources Additional resources include a reference section, a glossary and an index. There is a wealth of information in the reference section, which is 17-pages long. Included are sky maps of the night sky, a map of the world, with information about time zones, continent size and continental populations; flags of countries around the world, an evolutionary tree of life; entertaining charts and statistics on remarkable animals and their feats and a variety of conversion tables, plus wonders, events and people throughout history. My Recommendation While I recommend Knowledge Encyclopedia for a wide range of ages (6 to adult), I also especially recommend it for reluctant readers, kids who love to collect facts and kids who are visual learners. It’s not a book you’ll want to read straight through. It’s a book you and your kids will want to dip into again and again, sometimes in search of specific information, sometimes to see what you can find that looks interesting. (DK Publishing, 2013. ISBN: 9781465414175) More Recommended Nonfiction Books The Scientists in the Field series is excellent. The books include: Kakapo Rescue: Saving the World’s Strangest Parrot, Digging for Bird Dinosaurs, The Snake Scientist and The Wildlife Detective.   I recommend the series for ages 9 to 14, although I have also found that some younger kids who favor nonfiction enjoy the books as read alouds. I recommend the following nonfiction books for kids with an interest in weather and natural disasters: Inside Tornadoes, Inside Hurricanes and Tsunamis: Witness to Disaster.   For more nonfiction resources, see my directories Tornadoes: Recommended Nonfiction Kids’ Books and Tsunamis: Nonfiction Kids’ Books.

Diversity in Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Diversity in Education - Essay Example John Dewey affirmed that education can only occur through the process of social consciousness. This is seen in almost all spheres of life. For instance, whenever we acquire different habits or whenever an individual's feelings have been awakened, then that is still part of education. Regardless of the level of strictness in any school environment, teachers cannot claim to deviate from this principle. All people are first educated through the unconscious state. The latter assertions can be carried forward to the issue of diversity in education. Because all human beings regardless of their race, disability, gender etc go through this unconscious education, then one can assert that they deserve equal treatment if the same principle was to be applied to them. (Neil, 2005) Dewey also asserted that a child's social environment was particularly important in ascertaining whether that child was able to embrace true education. Again, this assertion can be related to the diverse classroom because a diverse classroom offers children the opportunity to deal with different demands from the ones that the child had been accustomed to thus giving them room for growth. Children learn through the various demands that are placed upon them from members of the group. Consequently, if those demands are narrow or nonexistent, then a child's feelings and action will remain as they were. However, if those demands are much greater than that child had anticipated, then chances are that the child will come out of their narrowness of thought and will embrace their role as contributors to the overall wellness of the group. Therefore, a child will be able to learn what is appropriate or not through the actions of others when they are responding to the former's deeds or words. For instance, when children are learning a certain language, they rely on the reactions which they get from the people around then in relation to certain actions. For example, whenever a certain activity solicits a certain response, then that child will place the meaning in context. (Neil, 2005) The latter principles also apply to diversity in education. In essence, diverse classrooms represent society as it is. Compared to conventional classrooms, diverse classes are much closer to Dewey's ideas. This is because they allow children to learn from one another especially in terms of those who may be different from them. According to the latter philosopher, education is imparted through two aspects Psychological aspects Social aspects The first aspect is more important than the second because of the fact that it incorporates the issue of a child's instincts. The latter characteristic is usually the starting point in any learning process. If education is conducted independently from the child's activities, then it can only be regarded as a form of external pressure. If a child has no opportunity to show initiative, then they may simply solve the problems assigned to them by their educators but no meaningful education will have taken place. This is because such educators have not bothered to make an insight into the psychological goings on of the child. When a teacher's approaches happen to fall in line with a child's ideas, then chances are that that child will learn. However, if those approaches contradict a child's psychology, then it will create conflict within the child's mind thus impeding

Justice & Pluralism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Justice & Pluralism - Essay Example (Baker, 1997 & Kymlicka, 1995) J.S. Furnivall was the first known person to coin the term pluralistic society and distinguish as a separate form of society. A Banker by profession, he had travelled a lot particularly to the colonial Far East where he discovered the wide range of culture and ethnic diversity that existed within that society. He described his experience and observation in the following words â€Å"in the strictest sense, a medley for they mix but do not combine†. As Furnivall tried to convey his idea and observation of a society that is a cultural melting pot, similarly this prose incorporates the same ideology and tries to observe pluralism in the light of justice and the importance of establishing a state that is beyond religion or religious beliefs. (Baker, 1997 & Young, 1979) Justice and pluralism have a high correlation and for a just system to be established in a society, social pluralism must prevail. The depth of their relationship will be further elabor ated. However, the following parts of the prose will discuss and analyze the philosophy and science of social pluralism; its essence and importance in order to establish social order in the society. Pluralism is generally a philosophical term; however the term has now become synonymous with social and political science as well. During the last few decades, political and social scientists have carried out intense debates regarding the validity of a pluralistic analysis and evaluation of modern societies. (Conn, 1973) The argument presented against pluralistic interpretation of the society is vastly polemic and based on abstract. As researches continue to study the phenomenon extensively and produce copious amounts of data on the subject; however, the subject of pluralism remains in the shroud of ambiguities. Pluralism is in fact a multifaceted phenomenon and there has been numerous that, if not completely elucidate the subject but does provide sufficient amount of insight. M. G. Smit h, a renowned social scientist has been known for organizing the concept that made Social pluralism a central concept in the society. He defined pluralism as the division of the society into small units on the basis of race, culture, ethnicity, language and language. These units were politically meaningful and this stratification of society was responsible determining or influencing people’s behaviour in a society. (Quong, 2004, 43-67) These units later evolve into sophisticated corporate units that were responsible for the amount of wealth a society generates and the level of discord. However, on the down side the more stratified a society became the likelihood of collective violence and discord amongst the units increased. The prime focus of studies was on the correlation between collective violence and a pluralistic society and he stated: â€Å"Having spent my life trying to clarify the conception of pluralism, I now wish to test and demonstrate its relevance for the solu tion of many urgent problems in the modern world. To that end I have compiled information on the demographic, economic, social and political characteristics of all sovereign nation-states, together with such detailed records as I can gather of internal

Course of negotiants Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Course of negotiants - Case Study Example Organizations feel the need for negotiations depending on three different perspectives. The first is when the parties involved are interested in establishing a relationship on a particular front and work towards reaching a common understanding on the connected parameters and constraints. The other case when negotiations usually take place is in the case of disagreements over a number of issues and this usually occurs on a wide range of issues right from economic to military/nuclear based decisions. The other form of negotiations or bargaining is used by organizations when they are supposed to make a decision on or whose future course of operation is dependent on the decision by another organization. Typical examples of the last form are common case when a nation is deciding the amount of subsidies to be offered to a country from the third world (Muthoo, 1999). A lot of the negotiations are based on economic related issues and the most usual cases at an organizational level pertain to issues such as salaries, work conditions, promotions etc. in the present case, the dispute between the AUT (Association of University Teachers) and the Universities in the UK during 2005-06 shall be discussed and an attempt shall be made to analyze the course of the negotiations by assessing against them against the various negotiation and bargaining theories that shall be discussed in the coming chapters. In 2006, the AUT was involved in a wage dispute with UK universities as their salaries had not been increased despite a rise in the amount of tuition fees. As a result of the dispute in wages, the AUT was forced to observe a strike and this prompted the need for negotiations in order to settle the connected issues. The most important requirement to press ahead with the negotiations was the fact that the universities were concerned that if no proper action was taken, then the students' schedule would get affected as a result of the increase in the agitation on the part of the AUT. As the specifics of the negotiations are discussed, it will become clear that there was a lot of progress on a number of issues and a number of key decisions were taken during the course of the negotiations on issues such as increased wages and revised work schedules.The dissertation will work towards analyzing a number of options that arose during the course of the AUT-university negotiations and this shall be done by analyzing the variables that determined the resulting outcome of the negotiations. The paper will also work towards establishing the various fa ctors that influenced the course of the negotiations in the long run. It is also deemed important that the research also focus on assessing how things could have improved during the negotiation process and will attempt to analyze each of the possibilities. The next section will comprise the literature review of the dissertation and will attempt to discuss the various theories by looking up at the various literatures available. LITERATURE REVIEWThe previous section has provided a brief introduction about the purpose of dissertation and the basic issues that the research will cover as part of the current case study. However, the analysis is being performed by basing upon a number of theories that are an inherent part of negotiation and b

Design in Context of Physical Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Design in Context of Physical Education - Essay Example Theories are developed based on instruction and learning techniques. Design knowledge is eventually consolidated in order to deliver required results. Resource design is closely knitted with enhancing capacity in context of educational innovation (Ashcroft and James, 1998). Design principles are shared amongst teachers so that they are able to resolve problems efficiently. System’s approach is an effective model in curriculum design. It is associated with learner’s abilities. In the initial stage behaviour of learner is analyzed and then content is sequenced accordingly. Achievement criteria are assessed in the final stage of the model. Principles of inclusive curriculum design is in terms of flexible teaching methods such as group work, e-learning, lectures, lab work, tutorials, etc. Inclusive curriculum design also needs to encompass flexible assessment methods and teaching materials. On the other hand, course materials and program requirements also should be available in given time frame. Resources can be adapted in two different ways such as transforming them into real time practice and designing curriculum based on such resources (Walklin, 1990). Physical education resources are a vital component to structure entire curriculum. This analysis highlights curriculum and resource design. Resource design mainly includes accessing all those resources which are productive for specialist area. Inclusive curriculum design has been evaluated in this study. This form of design is highly flexible and can incorporate required changes as and when required. Resource development can be facilitated through primary and secondary sources. These sources are usually web sources or consulting fitness experts. Appropriate information can be obtained from these sources which help in understanding key requirements. Web sources provide latest updates on fitness that might be applied in specialist area of physical education.